Matrifocal - Heidi K Härkönen. This report discusses the efforts of state powers to inflict large-scale societal transformations on local gender and kinship by exploring the relationship between matrifocal gender and kinship structure and the socialist state in Cuba. Cuban gender and kinship relations are approached not only by examining the kinds of ...

 
Matrifocal is used to refer to a "women-centered" houseful; that is, a houseful whose head was recognized by the census taker to be a woman. This definition does not preclude the presence of a male serving in the role of "husband" and/or father, but it assumes that the census taker was reflecting the community's view of the role of .... Joel embild

Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. (November 2015) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Chalice and The Blade: Our History, Our Future is a 1987 book by Riane Eisler. The author presents a conceptual framework for studying social systems with particular attention to how a society constructs ...A. Matrifocal: Mother-centered household. Matrilineal: Lineage traced through mother.B. Matrifocal lacks dominant male; matrilineal follows maternal lineage for inheritance. A. Matrifocal refers to a family structure where the mother or female is the central and primary figure in the household.The concept of the matrifocal family was introduced to the study of Caribbean societies by Raymond T. Smith in 1956. He linked the emergence of matrifocal families with how households are formed in the region: "The household group tends to be matri-focal in the sense that a woman in the status of 'mother' is usually the de facto leader of the ...Parenting in the Philippines: A review of the research literature from 2004 to 2014 Danielle Ochoa and Beatriz Torre University of the Philippines, Diliman and Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino PETA Arts Zone Project Terre de Hommes Germany 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 Introduction 6 Methods 7 Results 13 …nuclear family: [noun] a family group that consists only of parents and children.During her first meeting with Jang, See was struck by his connection to the history and matrifocal culture of the haenyeo. "When I met with IMTV's Young Sook Lee and Joseph on Zoom, I saw that ...Culture of Jeju Haenyeo (women divers) Inscribed in 2016 ( 11.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In Jeju Island, there is a community of women, some aged in their 80s, which goes diving 10m under the sea to gather shellfish, such as abalone or sea urchins for a living without the help of oxygen …Feb 26, 2022 · Matrifocal families consist of a mother and her children. Extended families are made up of blood relatives outside of the immediate family, such as grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins. Matriarchy is a social system in which women hold the primary power positions in roles of authority. In a broader sense it can also extend to moral authority, social privilege and control of property. While those definitions apply in general English, definitions specific to anthropology and feminism differ in some respects. Matriarchies may ...According to the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ), matriarchy is a "form of social organization in which the mother or oldest female is the head of the family, and descent and relationship are reckoned through the female line; government or rule by a woman or women." [2] A popular definition, according to James Peoples and Garrick Bailey, is ...Banks and the daily life of her matrifocal family in the Flats, showing the solutions they search for in order to survive: "Friendships between lovers and between friends are based upon a precarious balance of trust and profit" (p. 57). Exchanges occur in a process whereby "pervasive distrust is offset by improvisation: an adap-Matrifocal is the familial custom where the mother is the leader of the family unit but not in a dominant manner. Matricentric is another term used to describe this custom. In this view, a visiting relationship is part of a relationship development process and an early step that can proceed toward a long-term, stable partnership. Or it may dissolve, with subsequent ...The term 'matrifocal family' was introduced to solve a problem of empirical description as well as to suggest an alternative theoretical view of the domestic organization of rural African-Americans in the then British Guiana (Smith 1956). After considering (and rejecting) such terms as 'matricentral' and 'matriarchal' to refer to ...Matrilineal families are found in the South and in the Northeast. The Khasis of the Jayantia Hills and the Garos are the best known examples of matrilocal and matrilineal societies. The Nayars of Malabar, in Kerala, are famous both for the practice of polyandry - which is now on the decline - and matriliny. The tribe of Kadars in Kochi is ...Men's studies in the Caribbean is an emerging interdisciplinary field that has its roots in family studies programs of the 1950s and 60s, and in feminine studies programs of the 1970s and 80s. In the Caribbean, gender studies have concentrated primarily on "retrieving Caribbean women from historical 'invisibility'", but men's studies is also becoming …Oct 24, 2019 · Abstract. The anthropology of the Caribbean has been called “the battle ground for competing theories regarding family structure” (D’Amico-Samuels 1988: 785). Anthropologists were confounded ... Essay On Caribbean Matrifocal Family, Esl Admission Paper Proofreading Services Uk, Top Case Study Ghostwriting Service Gb, The Big Short Essay Seminar In Real Estate, Pipe Welders Resume Sample, Fachmathematik Fur Maler, Lackierer Und, Lord Of The Flies Thesis Statement ExamplesMy road trip through the whitest towns in America. As America becomes more and more multicultural, Rich Benjamin noticed a phenomenon: Some communities were actually getting less diverse. So he got out a map, found the whitest towns in the USA -- and moved in. In this funny, honest, human talk, he shares what he learned as a black man in Whitopia.For killer whales, some well-studied populations show strong resource specializations based on consistent prey choice (ecotypes) within stable, matrifocal social groups (pods), together with ...Some societies are more matrifocal than patrifocal. Or some writers seem to portray just one or the other tendency in their novels. Other societies seem to be predominently patrifocal. In the ...Matrifocal families prioritize the maternal lineage and often involve extended kin networks with strong bonds to the mother's side. Matriarchy, on the other hand, pertains to broader societal organization and power dynamics. Conclusion. Understanding what is matriarchy and related systems are is not simple. While there might not be much ...Assess the view that the modern nuclear family is the most effective type of family unit in which to socialise children and stabilise adult personalities (24) The above view is associated mainly with the Functionalist perspective, to an extent with the Marxist perspective, while Feminists tend to disagree. George Murdock (1949) argued that that ...Aug 25, 2023 · A society where the female member leads a family is called matriarchy, and the female head of the family is called the matriarch. For a long time, men have dominated the better portion of society. However, there have always been cultures where women were in charge of things; they dominated families and society and were at the core of everything. Although he acknowledged “a racist virus in the American bloodstream,” and noted three centuries of “unimaginable mistreatment,” Moynihan blamed what he saw as the disintegration of poor, urban black families squarely on slavery. He said slavery had developed a “fatherless matrifocal (mother-centered) pattern” within black families.Download. Essay, Pages 7 (1623 words) Views. 86. This sample essay on Matrifocal Residence provides important aspects of the issue and arguments for and against as well as the needed facts. Read on this essay's introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. The Social institution of the family There are various types of Caribbean family forms.My road trip through the whitest towns in America. As America becomes more and more multicultural, Rich Benjamin noticed a phenomenon: Some communities were actually getting less diverse. So he got out a map, found the whitest towns in the USA -- and moved in. In this funny, honest, human talk, he shares what he learned as a black man in Whitopia.matrifocal. (adj.) 1952, in reference to families or households where the mother has responsibility and authority, a term from sociology, from matri- + focal. also from 1952.education, child protection and social protection services, especially for the most vulnerable children and their families Health: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, UNICEF and partners focused on the continuation ofMarija Gimbutas: A Matrifocal Society Throughout our everyday life we live in a patrifocal society. That is a world where our corporate jobs, our politics, and our mainstream religions are mainly based on masculine values: domination, hierarchy and control.The matrifocal family is common throughout the Caribbean. The term originally described the domestic organization of Guyanese coastal villages in the early 1950s (Smith 1996). In a matrifocal household, the mother is the center of the domestic sphere and men tend to be marginalized. Mothers and their children form the basis of the family unit.Del deseo materno al grupo humano matrifocal, y de los grupos matrifocales a la sociedad basada en la paz, en la justicia social y en el bienestar. Sobre la paz, la Historia nos proporciona también el ejemplo de las sabinas, las mujeres de uno de los pueblos que habitaron el Lacio prerromano y que fueron raptadas por los romanos; estas mujeres ...The matrifocal families have been at the center of different controversial analysis, from decades. Described in the Caribbean societies as a familial relational system, matrifocality has either been presented as a specificity, or an illusion, or eventually an ideological bias. This article reviews different analysis on family relationships in ...That is, instead of the deity being male as in patrifocal mythology, the deity was female known either as the Goddess or Great Mother- who is always depicted as the maiden, matron, or crone. According to Archaeologists, there is evidence that 25,000 years before the rise of male-dominated religions in the world "Old Europe" was a matrifocal ..."A family or domestic group is matrifocal when it is centred on a woman and her children. In this case the father(s) of these children are intermittently ...Pansexual, Pomosexual and Spectrasexual. Pansexual is a term that describes individuals who experience sexual, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to any person regardless of that person's ...The term Matrifocal is defined as female headed households, it was described as truncated and inadequate family structures in which males avoided their responsibilities as fathers and conjugal partners and in which women, as a result were overburdened and could not single handedly manage adequately to socialize children and ensure economic ...Essay On Caribbean Matrifocal Family - Why do I have to pay upfront for you to write my essay? 100% Success rate Rating: 77 . Customer Reviews. Business and Finance. 100% Success rate 1514 Orders prepared. Essay On Caribbean Matrifocal Family ...matrifocal in American English. (ˌmætrəˈfoukəl, ˌmei-) adjective. 1. of, pertaining to, or designating a family unit or structure headed by the mother and lacking a father permanently or for extended periods. 2.America is a more matriarchal culture in the world of Motherland: Fort Salem.Since women make up the most important specialized fighting force of the U.S. military (as witches are automatically ...Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is sometimes distinguished from …Matrifocal families: Families led by and centred on females. Lone parent families: One parent and their dependent children. Download a handout summary of Tracy Reynolds (2002): Analysing the Black Family. This study note summarises the key findings of this study into family diversity and ethnicity that challenges some outdated studies about the ..."Matrifocal Morality: FGP and the Foundation of "Home"", An Intimate Rebuke: Female Genital Power in Ritual and Politics in West Africa, Laura S. Grillo Download citation file: ZoteroANTROPOLOGIA diz-se da perspetiva cultural ou do tipo de organização familiar concreta em que o controlo e a autoridade em geral, bem como o governo e ...1294 Words. Disadvantages Of Facebook * The interface of Facebook is less enjoyable and could be boring at times, as compared to other social networking sites. * Dependence on technological communication tool like Facebook can adversely affect the social communication skills of the youths. * Social...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Your text defines poverty as a condition of deprivation due to: a. economic circumstances. c. structural circumstances. b. social circumstances. d. all of the above., 2. What method is usually used to evaluate poverty? a. objective analyses of statistics and economics b. the Gini coefficient c. subjective evaluations of ...Matrifocality is a feature of Caribbean communities in which mothers and adult daughters often form the household core. I argue that daughter-biased parental care underlies matrifocality. Parental in...PATRIARCHY AND MATRIARCHY. PATRIARCHY AND MATRIARCHY . Patriarchy may be defined as the "rule of the father" that extends beyond the confines of the family to include the governance of men and the dominance of male values in society as a whole. Patriarchal dominance, whether that of male heads of extended families or the andrarchy of senior men ...Groups where females are physically stronger and larger than males, where life spans are long, where lives are spent in a single area, and where female friendships are the glue that keeps it all ...Through the feminist war on men they attempt to take the matrifocal and gynocentric society and to establish a matrifocal gynocracy which is, in fact, nothing more than a tyrannical gynocentric matriarchy. Here it is important to note, as we shall see immediately, that until the 20th century no one had the right to vote. ...KEY DATA ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES. There are 476 million Indigenous Peoples in the seven socio-cultural regions of the world, in 90 countries, belonging to more than 5,000 different groups.. Asia has the largest concentration of Indigenous Peoples with 70.5 percent, followed by Africa with 16.3 percent, and Latin America with 11.5 percent. In Canada and the United States of America, Indigenous ...Here are the eight famous matriarchal societies in the world. 1. Minangkabau In Indonesia. With about 4.2 million members, Minangkabau is the largest matriarchal society in the world. Minangs are indigenous to the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra in Indonesia.A matrifocal orientation keeps the system of patriarchy visible so that alternatives can be imagined and created. Because almost all societies are male centered, women's needs, interests, ideas, and perspectives are often ignored or trivialized. Matrifocal communities are organized around values traditionally seen as "feminine" such as ...matrifocal narrative, particularly as it has been developed in maternal literary theory. In her introduction to The Mother/Daughter Plot, Marianne Hirsch queries why in Sophocles’s Oedipus Rex, the voice of Jocasta, Oedipus’ mother, is missing, and she connects this narrative silence to a larger literary lacuna:Patrifocal definition, focused or centered on the father. See more.Sudan - Culture, Traditions, Religion: The key to an understanding of contemporary Sudanese culture is diversity. Each major ethnic group and historical region has its own special forms of cultural expression. Because of Sudan’s great cultural diversity, it is difficult to classify the traditional cultures of the various peoples. Sudan’s traditional societies …Some scholars believe that the foundation of this Golden Age in human prehistory was a matriarchal society . One in which women ruled ; a society underpinned by feminine values, until its collapse into patriarchy sometime between 10,000 and 5,000 years ago, leaving men and their male gods ruling society’s values and structures.Anand Giridharadas. A tale of two Americas. And the mini-mart where they collided. Ten days after 9/11, a shocking attack at a Texas mini-mart shattered the lives of two men: the victim and the attacker. In this stunning talk, Anand Giridharadas, author of "The True American," tells the story of what happened next.On both the basic education skills and the outcomes, children in single parents appear to be worse. "We measure their wellbeing levels, of depressive symptoms, of how they're feeling, their levels ...A "matrifocal" family consists of a mother and her children. Generally, the children are mother's biological offspring. The different types of families occur in a wide variety of settings, and their specific functions and meanings depend largely on their relationship to other social institutions. The term "nuclear family" is commonly ...mat·ri·lo·cal (măt′rə-lō′kəl) adj. 1. Anthropology Of or relating to residence with a wife's kin group or clan. 2. Zoology Of or relating to the tendency of males to leave their natal group and reside in or mate with females of a different group: groups of monkeys that are matrilocal. mat′ri·lo·cal′i·ty (-kăl′ĭ-tē) n. mat′ri·lo ...Overall, women in matrifocal societies find their identity not as appendages to husbands or brothers but rather as relatively independent and active women and mothers. Tanner notes that the image of the strong, active mother, with which black women are more identified than middle-class white women are, has made middle-class black women less ...matrifocal; patrifocality; References in periodicals archive? These norms includes a patrifocal society rooted in rural society that structures family life and ... 6. Over time, the status of women in society has changed. Especially as households become matrifocal, women are now participat­ing in the decision-making process in the family. The belief that the man is the sole decision-maker has changed. THE EFFECTS OF THE CHANGING ROLES AND RESPONSIBI­LITIES IN THE CARIBBEANAnother approach to explaining matrilineal bias in grandchild-grandparent relations is to focus on culture and history. Specifically, some have argued that the matrifocal tilt of low-income African American families reflects the survival of African family patterns (Burgess, 1995; Sudarkasa 1981). Unlike Western families, which are organized ...In a matrifocal society like Aceh, women had strong roles in adat (cultural) ceremonies such as marriage its related activities as well as ceremonies. This article elaborates some matrimonial tradition within Aceh matrifocal setting of [traditional] Acehenese society. What has changed, and driven behind those changes are among the focus of this ...La familia matrifocal -definida como aquella en que la madre actúa como centro de las relaciones- representa un sistema rico y viable en sí mismo. Aunque la mayoría de sus trabajos se basan en sociedades del Caribe, Smith muestra que muchos de sus argumentos son relevantes para la discusión contemporánea del parentesco afroamericano en los ...Matrifocalidade é um conceito que qualifica um grupo doméstico centrado na mãe, estando o pai frequentemente ausente ou detendo apenas um papel secundário. [ 1] Raymond Thomas Smith criou o conceito para dar conta da realidade familiar das famílias negras das Américas. [ 2] Segundo ele, o termo. não é indicador de uma sociedade matriarcal. The Matrifocal Family: Power, Pluralism, and Politics. The Matrifocal Family. : Raymond Thomas Smith. Routledge, 1996 - Social Science - 236 pages. The essays in this collection focus attention on the enormous contribution made by women in maintaining family relations in situations of both racial and gender domination.The matrifocal family. In J. Goody (Ed.), The character of kinship, (121-144). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar. Smith, 1956. R. Smith. The Negro family in British Guiana: Family structure and social status in the villages. Routledge & Kegan Paul, Londres (1956) Google Scholar.3) Nature of the family: bilateral kinship system, unstable marriage, matrifocal family. 4) Attitudes, values and personality of the individual: The individual has ‘a strong feeling of fatalism, helplessness, dependence and inferiority’; a weak ego tuned to the gratification in the present and a strong preoccupation with masculinity.Once ...According to the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ), matriarchy is a "form of social organization in which the mother or oldest female is the head of the family, and descent and relationship are reckoned through the female line; government or rule by a woman or women." [2] A popular definition, according to James Peoples and Garrick Bailey, is ...p>The family is commonly regarded as being an important social institution. In several policy areas, evidence can be found that the family is treated as an entity towards which others can have ...The haenyeo of Jeju is the most recent in a long series of powerful female characters to emerge in Lisa See's novels. Lisa See's new novel displays several generations of women against the backdrop of years of tradition. "The island has a matrifocal society, which means that the culture is based on women," she stated in an interview.matrifocal. (adj.) 1952, in reference to families or households where the mother has responsibility and authority, a term from sociology, from matri- + focal. also from 1952.kinship definition: 1. the relationship between members of the same family: 2. a feeling of being close or similar to…. Learn more.Van Hook (2008) suggests that the clinician's role in the family is to join with the family and enable its members to experience new ways to function. Through your work with the family, they will begin to practice new behaviors. But you have to do one more thing before you can just jump in and get to practicing new skills.Mosuo, China. The Mosuo women are China's last surviving matriarchy. There are about 40,000 of them, according to The Independent, and they practice Tibetan Buddhism. Lineage is traced through the ...b. Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) women were the only women who had a matrilineal society. c. Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) women held political power. d. Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) women were not responsible for caring for their children. c. Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) women held political power. Reading Quiz (Ch. 1 & 2) Learn with flashcards, games, and more ...The Matrifocal Family: Power, Pluralism and Politics. The Matrifocal Family. : Raymond T. Smith. Routledge, Apr 23, 2014 - Social Science - 250 pages. The essays in this collection focus attention on the enormous contribution made by women in maintaining family relations in situations of both racial and gender domination.Abstract. Le modèle matrifocal d'organisation familiale reste toujours prépondérant dans les Petites Antilles malgré une confrontation ancienne au modèle nucléaire occidental. Il doit ses ...Tally Craven is one of the main characters in Motherland: Fort Salem. She is portrayed by Jessica Sutton. She is a kind, strong-willed, and curious witch who enlisted despite her mother’s passionate disapproval, believing it to be her duty and that it's important to make a difference in the world, given the challenges her people face. Tally originates from a Matrifocal compound near ...Definición. El concepto de familia matrifocal fue introducido al estudio de las sociedades caribeñas por Raymond Smith en 1956. Vinculó el surgimiento de las familias matrifocales con la forma en que se forman los hogares en la región: "El grupo familiar tiende a ser matrifocal en el sentido de que una mujer en la condición de 'madre ... Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions: Can you list the top facts and stats about Matrifocal family? Summarize this article for a 10 years old. SHOW ALL QUESTIONS. A matrifocal family structure is one where mothers head families and fathers play a less important role in the home and in bringing up children.African heritage and a father-absent,matrifocal slave family structure inked an indelible and sordid impression of domestic arrangements among slaves. Essentially, Frazier misjudged the perpetuity and resili­ ency of the African culture and family system; consequently ignored such antecedents in his study of the Afro-American'sbelief system.Matrifocal definition: Of a sociological group, as a household, tribe, etc., having a female as its leader.the matrifocal family are those of the loosely configured nature of the mother-child relationship, the physical absence of the father, and the maternal nature of Black families. Such is evident in the diffusionist and cultural line of thinking around Black motherhood (Henriques; Smith, The Matrifocal Family;Matrifocal definition, of, relating to, or designating a family unit or structure headed by the mother and lacking a father permanently or for extended periods. See more.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Identify the factors that are important to the debate around undocumented immigrants and their families., Identify the statements that accurately describe how racial classifications still matter, even though they are socially constructed., Identify the examples that show how race is socially constructed. and more.Max Dashu founded the Suppressed Histories Archives in 1970 to research and document global women's history, reflecting the full spectrum of the world's peoples. She uses images to teach, scanning the cultural record: archaeology, history, art, orature, linguistics and spiritual philosophies. From her collection of some 50,000 images, she has ...a. Most people live near their extended families b. Mothers are more likely to earn a higher income than fathers c. Fathers remarry less frequently than mothers d. Because mothers tend to get custody of children. d. Because mothers tend to get custody of children. 1.The Minangkabau is the largest matriarchal society in the world. They are the indigenous tribe of the Sumatra region of Indonesia which is made up of 4.2 million members. Ownership of land, as well as the family name, is passed from mother to daughter whereas men are involved in political matters. The narrative of how the Minangkabau came to be ...

INTRODUCTION The significance of African-centered social work for social work practice Tricia Bent-Goodleya, Colita Nichols Fairfaxb, and Iris Carlton-LaNeyc aSchool of Social Work, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA; bThe Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA; cSchool of Social Work, …. Chalk stone

matrifocal

Women remained at the heart of mother-centered (or matrifocal) enslaved families. They strove to raise their children as well as they could, f or example by advising their daughters on the perils of enslavement for women who faced physical violence by slaveholders of various kinds, ill-health, and sale and separation. Slaveowners more commonly ...2) The use of Venuses by early people indicate that women had a revered status and/or a matrifocal social organization. 3) Venus figurines have been discovered across the European continent. 4) Most of the Venus figures in Malta were found in or around temples, reinforcing the suggesting of an association with religious worship.Photo about parents and children happy hispanic or latin american family. Image of summer, children, spanish - 31224765.Download. Essay, Pages 7 (1623 words) Views. 86. This sample essay on Matrifocal Residence provides important aspects of the issue and arguments for and against as well as the needed facts. Read on this essay's introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. The Social institution of the family There are various types of Caribbean family forms.As an adjective matrifocal is matriarchal. As a noun matriarchy is a social system in which the mother is head of household, having authority over men and children. Other Comparisons: What's the difference? Matriarchy vs Matrifocality. matrifocal . English. Adjective (en adjective) matriarchal ; Derived termsLa matrifocalidad es un término antropológico que se refiere a una estructura social donde la mujer es la figura central de la familia. A diferencia de la patrilocalidad, donde la familia se basa en el padre y su familia, en la matrilocalidad, la familia se basa en la madre y su familia de origen. En una sociedad matrifocal, los hijos viven ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 18. The term _____ describes a family consisting of a father, mother, and children. a. extended family b. matrifocal family c. household family d. blended family e. nuclear family, 19. The term _____ describes the nuclear family plus relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. a. extended family b. matrifocal ...Matrifocal definición: having the mother functioning as the head of the household or family | Significado, pronunciación, traducciones y ejemplosThe current definitions and paradigms of matrifocal domestic systems (where a female is the central stable figure of the family unit) are also based on the classic kinship theory's focus on marriage and the heterosexual couple. That encourages the assumption of heteronormativity in households—i.e., that sexual and marital relations are ...Matrifocal definition, of, relating to, or designating a family unit or structure headed by the mother and lacking a father permanently or for extended periods. See more.What does matrifocal family mean? Information and translations of matrifocal family in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Loginmatrifocal. (adj.) 1952, in reference to families or households where the mother has responsibility and authority, a term from sociology, from matri- + focal. also from 1952.anthropology chapter 10. nuclear family. Click the card to flip 👆. although it still is something of an ideal in our culture, the ____ _____ (mother, father, and biological children) now accounts for less than one-fifth of all American households. such phrases as "marriage and the family" and "mom and dad" no longer apply to a majority of ...The issue of identity, both personal and national, can be seen to be bound up in the idea of the nation. This includes the grand narrative of nationalism itself; the story of the nation and how it came to be, with its roots in the ‘ideal’ past that has been lost, the heroes and heroines of various revolutions, the great leaders, the ‘uniqueness’ of the …The article of Norbert Ortmayr then takes us into nineteenth-century British West Indies, but the problems of illegitimacy and matrifocal households remain at the center of the discussion. He describes a family system in which three different forms of conjugal relationships coexist: legal marriage, concubinage, and visiting unions.Matrifocality was especially prevalent in the Anglophone Caribbean, where the dual marriage system and the racial divide were more marked than in the Hispanic ...Matrifocal societies, she writes, tend to have greater gender equality because of the power of a maternal paradigm. In these societies, regardless of the particular type of kinship system, women play roles of cultural and social signi cance and de ne themselves less as wives than as mothers. . . ..

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